Notes

Have you ever wondered how scientists can tell whether a medicine is pure, if a food contains hidden additives, or whether a chemical reaction has actually finished? One of the simplest yet most powerful answers is Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Chromatography is the science of separating mixtures, and TLC is its most accessible form—fast, inexpensive, and easy to perform in any basic laboratory. For students, it’s often the very first hands-on analytical technique they learn. Read more

Chromatography is one of those techniques that every B.Sc. student encounters in practical labs, viva questions, and competitive exams. Among the many forms of chromatography, paper chromatography stands out as the simplest, most affordable, and most student-friendly method to understand how scientists separate and analyze mixtures. Whether you’re studying the principle of paper chromatography, setting up the instrumentation with Whatman filter paper and a solvent system, or exploring its applications in separating amino acids, plant Read more